Wednesday, February 22, 2012

Once bloomberg school colleague down the hall with

Researchers at other institutions around the world reported


similar associations. In industrial poultry or pig farm


were drug-resistant bacteria colonizing agricultural workers


and their families. In 2003 and 2004, Kellogg Schwab


air samples on poultry farms where pigs were placed in 3000


two buildings. Samples contained enterococci, staphylococci, streptococci and


, and 98 percent of bacterial isolates


were resistant to two or more common drugs. In the paper



published in Environmental Health Perspectives



Schwab suggested that one way bacteria


could travel from animals to humans was workers breathing >> << that air. In another study from 2002 to 2004


Schwab samples of surface and ground water and upgradient


downgradient from the pig farm. He and his fellow researchers found


downgradient water, ie water in


stream from swine barn contained 17 times more >> << enterococci, 11 times more


Escherichia coli,


and 33 times more fecal bacteria Escherichia group as water


upgradient from the object. Downgradient


pathogens also were much more likely resistant to antibiotics. Once Bloomberg School colleague down the hall from


Silbergeld returned from the source on the east coast >> << complain about how disgusting it is found to drive behind trucks >> << transportation chicken processing


plants. Silbergeld says, "When someone says:


" disgusting ", I say," Wait, there must be something here


happens. " She and her two students, Anna


Terms and Shawn Evans, intended that they called >> << "Child, you can drive my car," the study. They loaded cars with


equipment for sampling, found that section


on the East Coast near the border of Virginia


is a lot of birds of trucks passing through on the way to


Purdue and Tyson processing plants, and went to the next >> << parking in the center of many shops. Whenever birds >> << truck stopped at a traffic light, the researchers


slide and follow its processors. They then


sample air inside the car and the car


exterior door handles and sealed soda can they fit in


coaster car. They found that air


machine and both surfaces have shown elevated levels of enterococci


once would drive by chicken trucks. Samples received in the car traveling truck


. does not contain resistant enterococci, a quarter


isolate the bacteria after the truck showed resistance


drugs, including tetracycline, erythromycin and streptomycin


This is not only research involved in a car. Jay


Graham, formerly one of the students Silbergeld in degrees, and now


in the U.S. Agency for International Development


studied the waste on the East Coast. He said that every time he returned to Baltimore, his car


was covered with flies, and this led him to wonder if flies


be spraying bacteria resistant


from poultry farms. Graham said Silbergeld, that he wanted to do


research. "I said," This is fine until you


bring no flies here. The next thing I knew we had these


two large banks full of flies in the lab, and I thought, "Yes


thanks for that." Graham flies trapped in poultry farms


on the East Coast and found resistant staphylococci and enterococci


on them. He analyzed how pathogens for


drug resistance genes in bacteria and found matches


taken from flies and bacteria taken from farm waste,


strong evidence that flies are a potential source


influence of bacteria resistant hiding in agriculture


waste. cientists


know that resistant pathogens can travel from farms by air,


3 different shapes of bacteria

water, birds, flies, chicken manure spreader or truck,


but they do not have a good answer as far as they can


travel and how long they can remain viable. Just because a researcher


detection of drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the sample air


not prove that it can make any patient. But


means of transmission, which can cover long distances


, from person to person, an employee of the farm, such as


picks up bacteria in the chicken shed and passes it


family member, which transmits its member communities


which brings him to the clinic or hospital where he


settles and begins to cause antibiotic-resistant infections in


surgical patients with impaired immunity. For years, scientists, doctors and the public


considered more widespread drug-resistant infections in hospital


task (see


Johns Hopkins Magazine, February 2008). This is where dangerous germs as vancomycin-resistant enterococci


(VRE) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus


(MRSA) hide and spread. But then


Hospital began to report more and more people


never been in a medical institution that passes through their doors


already colonized by resistant bacteria. Where people


raising error as MRSA, which currently kills more than


20000 people each year, more people than die from AIDS? About three years ago, Silbergeld began thinking about MRSA


and agriculture. It was not the only one. In


November 2006, Dutch scientists reported case >> << A young mother treat mastitis in October 2004. Culture


adopted its general practice showed, MRSA, which


then found her husband and small daughter. Her husband was a farmer


from 8000 pigs, and when the researchers tested


10 selected at random from farms, they found genetically identical


MRSA in eight of them, and the same error in focused on three


other workers from the farm. Otherwise, as well as


Holland, 63-year-old woman was admitted to hospital with MRSA


caused endocarditis. When the researchers introduced


her infection, they found not in accordance with


nosocomial strains of MRSA, or strains causing community acquired MRSA


skin infections in the United States


. What she did match MRSA isolated from Dutch pig farms.


Another study conducted in the Netherlands found the rate of MRSA colonization


among pig farmers be 760 times more >> << general public. A year ago, Canadian research



published in Veterinary Microbiology was the first >> << find MRSA pigs in North America and pig farmers;


scientists studied farms in Ontario and found MRSA In 25 percent of the


experimental pigs and 20 percent of workers


farms, which colonized animals purchase strattera. On farms that were free >> << Colonial pigs, no cases of human disease. Finally, the last


January study by the University of Iowa tests


299 pigs and 20 people from two farms in Iowa and Illinois. The researchers found, MRSA in 49 percent of the animals and << >> 45 percent of people. This was the first such search << >> in the United States, and voltage, ST398, was identical >> << to that found in Canada and the Netherlands. . << >>

No comments:

Post a Comment